KSHIRAVIDARI (Root)
Kshiravidari is the dried root of Ipomoea digitata Linn. syn. Ipomoea paniculata (Linn.) R. Br. (Fam. Convolvulacem); a perennial climber, distributed throughout the warm and moist regions of India.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Iksugandha, Iksuvalli, Payasvini, Dirghakanda
Assamese : —
Bengali : Bhuh Kumdaa, Bhooi Kumhdaa
English : Giant potato
Gujrati : Vidaaree Kand
Hindi : Vidaaree Kanda, Bhuh Kumdaa, Bhui Kumbhadaa
Kannada : Nelkumbal, Naadakumbala
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Paalmutakku
Marathi : Bhui Kohalaa
Oriya : Bhuin Kakhaaru
Punjabi : —
Tamil : Nilappuchani, Paalmudamgi
Telugu : Paalagummudu, Nelagummudu
Urdu : —
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
The root consists of thick pieces of different sizes, usually 2 to 8 mm in diameter; outer surface brownish and rough due to the presence of longitudinal fissures, ridges and numerous circular lenticels; core light brown and fibrous; fracture, fibrous, odourless and sweetish in taste.
b) Microscopic
Root- Root shows 6 to 9 layers of thin walled cork cells, externally covered by rhytidoma; phelloderm composed of 8 to10 layers of cells, thin walled and filled with starch grains, individual starch grain rounded to irregular in shape, variable in size measuring about 13 to 24 nm, with distinct centric hilum; rosettes of calcium oxalate present; secondary phloem consists of companion cells, sieve tube elements and phloem parenchyma, traversed by uni- or biseriate medullary ray; numerous resin ducts and starch grains occur in the secondary phloem; secondary xylem consists of xylem parenchyma, xylem vessels, xylem fibres and tracheids; vessels large in size and numerous.
Powder– Light to dark brown, fine to coarse texture; simple and compound starch grains of variable size, crystals of calcium oxalate in prismatic and cluster form; pitted vessels; tracheids; parenchymatous cells with simple pits and long fibres with wide lumen and pointed ends.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 6 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 20 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 8 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract of dried root powder on Silica gel ‘G’ plate (0.2 mm thick) using Petroleum ether: Diethyl ether: Glacial acetic acid (8: 2: 0.1) under UV light (365 nm) shows two fluorescent zones at Rf. 0.24 and 0.42 (both green). On spraying with Vanillin-Sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate for 15 minutes at 105oC, three spots appear at Rf. 0.18, 0.55 and 0.95 (all black).
CONSTITUENTS – Glycosides, steroids, tannins and fixed oil.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Tikta, Kasaya
Guna : Guru, Snigdha
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Madhura
Karma : Brmhana, Balya, Rasayana, Svarya, Vatahara, Vrsya, Varnya, Atimutrala, Stanyajanana, Jivaniya
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Sivagutika
THERAPEUTIC USES – Raktavikara, Vrana, Stanyavikara, Pittaja Sula, Mahavatavyadhi, Mutraroga, Bhagna
DOSE – 5 – 10 g.
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